Ghana: wealth index across urban households

In urban households in Ghana as of 2018, 34.9 percent of them fell into the quintile category of the richest, and this was followed by the household population in the fourth quintile group. 4.2 percent of the given urban population belonged to the poorest group (first quintile).

Overall, percentages of household wealth index quintiles are higher in the poorest group in rural communities, contrary to urban households which are higher in the fifth quintile (richest).

Wealth index quintile distribution of the urban household population in Ghana as of 2018

Characteristic	Distribution of wealth quintile
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Release date

March 2020

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Region

Ghana

Survey time period

2018

Supplementary notes

Wealth index quintiles divide a given population into five equally large groups, on the basis of their wealth rank.

The source explains that: "To construct the wealth index, principal components analysis is performed by using information on the ownership of consumer goods, dwelling characteristics, water and sanitation, and other characteristics that are related to the household’s wealth, to generate weights (factor scores) for each of the items used. First, initial factor scores are calculated for the total sample. Then, separate factor scores are calculated for households in urban and rural areas."

It adds that: "The wealth index is assumed to capture the underlying long-term wealth through information on the household assets and is intended to produce a ranking of households by wealth, from poorest to richest. The wealth index does not provide information on absolute poverty, current income or expenditure levels".

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