Internet Shutdowns

The Rise of the Internet Kill Switch in India

In 2019 and 2020, India executed what is believed to have been the longest internet shutdown ever implemented in a democracy when it majorly restricted the internet in Kashmir and Jammu for 213 days between Aug 4 and March 4.

In recent years, India has relied heavily on shutting the internet down to quell protest. 2019 saw shutdowns triggered over the Citizenship Amendment Act and a change of the status of Kashmir – two laws working in the disfavor of Muslims in the country. The Software Freedom Law Center counted 106 internet shutdowns in India in 2019, slightly below the 134 shutdowns recorded for 2018. In the corona year of 2020, fewer shutdowns were counted in India, but the country still topped the list of the biggest economic damages inflicted by internet shutdowns ($2.8 billion) and might still top the list of countries with most internet shutdowns in total (expected in February from NGO Access Now).

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This chart shows the number of recorded internet shutdowns in India between 2012 2020.

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Internet disruptions reported on Facebook India 2016-2022
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Number of internet shutdowns lasting over three days India 2015-2024
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Number of internet shutdowns lasting over 24 to 72 hours India 2013-2024
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Number of 24-hour internet shutdowns India 2012-2024
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Number of internet shutdowns India 2024, by state
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Share of internet subscribers in India December 2023, by service provider

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